Boxer Multi-Role Armoured Vehicle (MRAV)
Содержание
- 1 Boxer Multi-Role Armoured Vehicle (MRAV)
- 1.1 Boxer Multi-Role Armoured Vehicle (MRAV)
- 1.2 Progress and prospects for the protected transport vehicle GTK Boxer
- 1.3 дизайн
- 1.4 Progress and prospects for the protected transport vehicle GTK Boxer
- 1.5 Protection and mobility of the Boxer family of armoured utility vehicles
- 1.6 Медицинское использование
- 1.7 Progress and prospects for the protected transport vehicle GTK Boxer
- 1.8 Boxer MRAV prototypes and development
- 1.9 Варианты
Boxer Multi-Role Armoured Vehicle (MRAV)
The governments of the UK and Germany signed a contract in November 1999 for the collaborative development and initial production of a family of next-generation armoured utility vehicles.
Crew
Programme Management
European Armaments Agency, OCCAR, the Organisation for Joint Armament Cooperation, transferral in 2000
Prime Contractor
International Consortium
Germany: Krauss-Maffai Wegmann, Rheinmetall / UK: Alvis
Crew
Programme Management
European Armaments Agency, OCCAR, the Organisation for Joint Armament Cooperation, transferral in 2000
Prime Contractor
International Consortium
Germany: Krauss-Maffai Wegmann, Rheinmetall / UK: Alvis
Final Assembly and System Integration
ARTEC shareholders in the participating country
Overall Length
Height
Load Capacity
Internal Volume
Basic Protection
Anti-tank and antipersonnel mines, 360° heavy machine gun fire and artillery fragment
Additional Protection
Medium caliber, bomblets
Weapons
MG 7.62mm / 12.7mm, grenade machine gun 40mm
Maximum Speed
Trench Crossing
Climbing
Range
Engine Capacity
Power-to-Weight Ratio
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The governments of the UK and Germany signed a contract in November 1999 for the collaborative development and initial production of a family of next-generation armoured utility vehicles.
The programme was known as the Multi-Role Armoured Vehicle (MRAV) in the UK, and as the Gepanzertes Transport-Kraftfahrzeug (GTK) in Germany.
In February 2001, the Netherlands signed a memorandum of understanding to join the programme. The Dutch programme is called the Pantser Wiel Voertuig (PWV). In December 2002, it was announced that the vehicle would be called the Boxer.
Industrial group ARTEC GmbH consisting of Krauss-Maffei Wegmann (KMW) and Rheinmetall Landsysteme from Germany, and Stork of the Netherlands is the prime contractor for the programme.
The programme is being managed by the European Armaments Agency, Organisation for Joint Armament Cooperation (OCCAR). Stork PWV became part of Rheinmetall in March 2008.
In July 2003, the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) announced it would withdraw from the programme to pursue a new national programme, the future rapid effect system (FRES). The MoD required a lighter more easily deployable vehicle.
The MoD announced its plans to re-join the Boxer programme in April 2018 for its Mechanised Infantry Vehicle (MIV) programme.
Progress and prospects for the protected transport vehicle GTK Boxer
With the order of over 500 boxers by the British Ministry of Defense in December 2019, the Armored transport vehicle (GTK) Boxer on the way to one of the most successful cars of the last 20 years in the 8 × 8 (Boxer) class.
On the International Armored Vehicles Conference (IAV) in London representatives of the European procurement agency OCCAR EA and the manufacturer ARTEC progress and prospects have shown the project. The NSPA has explained how the Boxer User Group supports the operation of the vehicles.
The boxer was one of only three vehicles on during the IAV Conference. (Photo: Heiming)
Production
Manufacturer of the boxer is the ARTEC, a joint venture between Rheinmetall and Krauss-Maffei Wegmann, who has delivered for the previous three user Germany, the Netherlands and Lithuania recently, the 539th vehicle. Production of 91 vehicles for Lithuania is completed at the turn of the year 2020/2021. Of 2 Los Boxer (131 vehicles) for the Bundeswehr are around 60 passed to the user. The last vehicle of the second batch is expected in mid-2021st
On the production lines takes the Australia orders under the aegis of Rheinmetall always more space. After delivery of the first boxer in September 2019 a total of 25 fully manufactured in Germany and shipped as kits for final assembly to Australia. From 2021 onwards, significant portions of the boxers are produced by partner companies in Australia.
For the UK boxer is currently selected may participate industry. The first contract was recently signed with WFEL. Soon the production of the five proof vehicles to be from mid-2022 tested by future users and released for serial production begins in Germany. About 60 percent of production takes place (KMW subsidiary WFEL) at locations in Telford (Rheinmetall BAE Systems Land) and Stockport. Beginning in 2023 the first production car to be passed. The 528 ordered Boxer will run to 2031 the troops.
British soldiers test the Boxer (Photo: Rheinmetall)
Among the currently known prospects for other boxers are in addition to some Eastern European countries including Germany and the Netherlands. The Bundeswehr has yet unquantified and unspecified need for vehicles eg for infantry combat and the short-range air defense, to be potentially covered the period from 2023 to 2027. The Netherlands have indicated that the existing equipment with 200 boxers sufficient either quantitatively or qualitatively, and could take place in the foreseeable future restocking. Britain had in the original requirement demands are a range of more than 1,000 boxers. If the procurement requirements to be met roughly as shown, the production capacity could be utilized for this decade and the volume of production could total in excess of 2,000.
Boxer concept
Unique feature of the boxer is the division into driving module and interchangeable mission modules. This is a foundation of flexibility, which is manifested in the increasing number of different mission modules.
driving module
The drive modules that were part of the first boxers have been provided as part of the Afghanistan mission, among others with stronger armor and mine protection. The driving modules constitute the entire vehicle technology for the boxer ready to drive and suspension as well as mechanical and electrical interfaces for the reception and the operation of the mission module.
With the same for all boxers driving modules, it is possible to achieve a uniform utilization of the fleet, by driving modules are replaced by boxers with high mileage to drive modules with low mileage. In this way exercise could also pre-used / to ensure that no planned maintenance is payable for vehicles used in the near future. During long-term repair the operational drive modules for the currently most urgently needed skills (Mission Module) can be used.
The boxer was delivered in the original version (A0) with a gross weight of 36.5 tons and a 530 kW MTU diesel engine (MTU 8V 199 TE 20). Due to the changed threat and first findings from the operation assessment of the mine protection has been strengthened under the sink and in the wheel arches. improve a new driver’s vision system and the partial Umverstauung of equipment (eg tow rope) the working environment of the military road user. Changes in cooling air and exhaust system help to reduce the signature. With these changes, the version name evolved to A2. This configuration is standard in the armed forces today. All vehicles will be retrofitted to this state.
For Australia, the total weight was increased to 38.5 tons. This required reinforcements on the axes, and as a consequence new wheels and more sustainable tires. This version of the drive module could A2 + are called.
The UK-boxers are the first with a 600 kW diesel engine (MTU 8V 199 TE21 same as in Ajax scout) equipped and approved for a total weight of 38.5 tons. Internally out the driving module under the version A3. Appearance indicator is, inter alia, the above-mentioned new rim and tire combination. The specific power increases to 15.6 kW / tonne (A2: 14.8; A2 + 13.8).
mission modules
The mission modules are protected cabin volume of 14 m³ to 17.5 m³ for crews and systems are available which are equipped mission specific to the military requirements. Depending on the count have so far about twenty different versions in use, constructed or in production.
introduced Mission Modules (Selection)
• Transport of passengers
• command / leadership
• Wounded Transport
• infantry combat
• Driving School
The outer dimensions of the mission modules are fixed, only the canopy can vary in height (such as for transporting the wounded vehicle of the Dutch). A front opening allows the trapdoor to the driver. Hatches, exit, seats and instrumentation are mission-specific. OCCAR has referred to a modular mounting system (MOTS products primarily COTS /) are in the elements in the categories of protection, sensors, effectors, C4I, and configuration examples of internal space and the outdoor area can be used to rapidly mission-specific modules generated.
The Boxer for UK will have a special feature. For the mission modules (excluding ambulance) will be Missionskits with which a more detailed adaptation to the task at hand is possible.
дизайн
По соглашению, они не предназначены для участия в боях прямой наводкой, но вооружены для самообороны и имеют броню для защиты от шрапнели и огня из стрелкового оружия .
Мобильность
БТР бывает колесным или гусеничным , а иногда и их комбинацией, например, полугусеничный .
Колесные транспортные средства, как правило, быстрее на дороге и менее дороги, однако имеют более высокое давление на грунт, что снижает мобильность на бездорожье и увеличивает вероятность их застревания в мягких грунтах, таких как грязь, снег или песок.
Гусеничные машины обычно имеют более низкое давление на грунт и большую маневренность на бездорожье. Из — за ограниченного срока службы их гусеницами и износа они вызывают на дорогах, гусеничные машины , как правило , переносятся на большие расстояния по железной дороге или грузовиков .
Многие БТР являются амфибиями , что означает, что они могут пересекать водоемы. Для движения в воде они часто используют гребные винты или водометы , или они двигаются за счет гусениц. Подготовка БТР к эксплуатации на амфибии обычно включает проверку целостности корпуса и складывание триммера спереди. Скорость движения по воде сильно различается между транспортными средствами и намного меньше путевой скорости. Максимальная скорость плавания M113 составляет 3,6 миль в час (5,8 км / ч), что составляет около 10% от скорости движения по дороге, а AAVP-7 может плавать со скоростью 8,2 миль в час (13,2 км / ч).
Защита
Бронетранспортеры обычно предназначены для защиты от стрелкового оружия и артиллерийского огня. Некоторые конструкции имеют большую защиту; У израильского ЦАХАЛа Namer столько же брони, сколько у основного боевого танка Merkava . Броня обычно состоит из стали или алюминия . Они также будут использовать пуленепробиваемые стекла .
Многие БТР оснащены защитой от ХБРЯ , которая предназначена для защиты от оружия массового поражения, такого как отравляющий газ и радиоактивное / ядерное оружие.
Как правило, БТР будут легче и менее бронированы, чем танки или БМП, часто с открытым верхом и с дверями и окнами, как это видно на французском VAB .
Вооружение
Бронетранспортеры предназначены в первую очередь для транспорта и имеют легкое вооружение. Они могут быть невооружены или иметь комбинацию из легких , средних , тяжелых пулеметов или автоматических гранатометов .
В западных странах БТР часто вооружены пулеметом M2 Browning калибра 0,50 , 7,62-мм FN MAG или 40-мм гранатометом Mk 19 . В бывших восточном блоке народов, в К , ПКТ и NSV пулеметы общие опции.
В установках с открытым верхом наводчик высовывается из машины и управляет пушкой на шкворне или кольце. Кольцевая установка позволяет орудию поворачиваться на 360 градусов, шарнирная установка имеет ограниченное поле стрельбы. Он может быть предпочтительнее закрытого стрелка, потому что он обеспечивает большее поле обзора и связь с использованием криков и сигналов рукой. Однако наводчик плохо защищен и рискует получить травму в случае опрокидывания машины. Во время войны во Вьетнаме артиллеристы M113 часто несли тяжелые потери.
Закрытые машины оснащены турелями, которые позволяют экипажу управлять системой вооружения, находясь под защитой брони машины. Советский БТР-60 имеет закрытую башню, на которой установлен крупнокалиберный пулемет КПВ со спаренным пулеметом ПКТ. Пулеметы штурмовой машины-амфибии, личного состава ( AAVP7 ) (M2, пулемет калибра .50 и гранатомет Mk 19) размещены в полностью закрытых турелях (турели обычно имеют оптику, которая делает их более точными).
Совсем недавно БТР стали оснащать системами дистанционного вооружения . Базовый » Страйкер» несет M2 на дистанционной системе вооружения Protector .
Progress and prospects for the protected transport vehicle GTK Boxer
With the order of over 500 boxers by the British Ministry of Defense in December 2019, the Armored transport vehicle (GTK) Boxer on the way to one of the most successful cars of the last 20 years in the 8 × 8 (Boxer) class.
On the International Armored Vehicles Conference (IAV) in London representatives of the European procurement agency OCCAR EA and the manufacturer ARTEC progress and prospects have shown the project. The NSPA has explained how the Boxer User Group supports the operation of the vehicles.
The boxer was one of only three vehicles on during the IAV Conference. (Photo: Heiming)
Production
Manufacturer of the boxer is the ARTEC, a joint venture between Rheinmetall and Krauss-Maffei Wegmann, who has delivered for the previous three user Germany, the Netherlands and Lithuania recently, the 539th vehicle. Production of 91 vehicles for Lithuania is completed at the turn of the year 2020/2021. Of 2 Los Boxer (131 vehicles) for the Bundeswehr are around 60 passed to the user. The last vehicle of the second batch is expected in mid-2021st
On the production lines takes the Australia orders under the aegis of Rheinmetall always more space. After delivery of the first boxer in September 2019 a total of 25 fully manufactured in Germany and shipped as kits for final assembly to Australia. From 2021 onwards, significant portions of the boxers are produced by partner companies in Australia.
For the UK boxer is currently selected may participate industry. The first contract was recently signed with WFEL. Soon the production of the five proof vehicles to be from mid-2022 tested by future users and released for serial production begins in Germany. About 60 percent of production takes place (KMW subsidiary WFEL) at locations in Telford (Rheinmetall BAE Systems Land) and Stockport. Beginning in 2023 the first production car to be passed. The 528 ordered Boxer will run to 2031 the troops.
British soldiers test the Boxer (Photo: Rheinmetall)
Among the currently known prospects for other boxers are in addition to some Eastern European countries including Germany and the Netherlands. The Bundeswehr has yet unquantified and unspecified need for vehicles eg for infantry combat and the short-range air defense, to be potentially covered the period from 2023 to 2027. The Netherlands have indicated that the existing equipment with 200 boxers sufficient either quantitatively or qualitatively, and could take place in the foreseeable future restocking. Britain had in the original requirement demands are a range of more than 1,000 boxers. If the procurement requirements to be met roughly as shown, the production capacity could be utilized for this decade and the volume of production could total in excess of 2,000.
Boxer concept
Unique feature of the boxer is the division into driving module and interchangeable mission modules. This is a foundation of flexibility, which is manifested in the increasing number of different mission modules.
driving module
The drive modules that were part of the first boxers have been provided as part of the Afghanistan mission, among others with stronger armor and mine protection. The driving modules constitute the entire vehicle technology for the boxer ready to drive and suspension as well as mechanical and electrical interfaces for the reception and the operation of the mission module.
With the same for all boxers driving modules, it is possible to achieve a uniform utilization of the fleet, by driving modules are replaced by boxers with high mileage to drive modules with low mileage. In this way exercise could also pre-used / to ensure that no planned maintenance is payable for vehicles used in the near future. During long-term repair the operational drive modules for the currently most urgently needed skills (Mission Module) can be used.
The boxer was delivered in the original version (A0) with a gross weight of 36.5 tons and a 530 kW MTU diesel engine (MTU 8V 199 TE 20). Due to the changed threat and first findings from the operation assessment of the mine protection has been strengthened under the sink and in the wheel arches. improve a new driver’s vision system and the partial Umverstauung of equipment (eg tow rope) the working environment of the military road user. Changes in cooling air and exhaust system help to reduce the signature. With these changes, the version name evolved to A2. This configuration is standard in the armed forces today. All vehicles will be retrofitted to this state.
For Australia, the total weight was increased to 38.5 tons. This required reinforcements on the axes, and as a consequence new wheels and more sustainable tires. This version of the drive module could A2 + are called.
The UK-boxers are the first with a 600 kW diesel engine (MTU 8V 199 TE21 same as in Ajax scout) equipped and approved for a total weight of 38.5 tons. Internally out the driving module under the version A3. Appearance indicator is, inter alia, the above-mentioned new rim and tire combination. The specific power increases to 15.6 kW / tonne (A2: 14.8; A2 + 13.8).
mission modules
The mission modules are protected cabin volume of 14 m³ to 17.5 m³ for crews and systems are available which are equipped mission specific to the military requirements. Depending on the count have so far about twenty different versions in use, constructed or in production.
introduced Mission Modules (Selection)
• Transport of passengers
• command / leadership
• Wounded Transport
• infantry combat
• Driving School
The outer dimensions of the mission modules are fixed, only the canopy can vary in height (such as for transporting the wounded vehicle of the Dutch). A front opening allows the trapdoor to the driver. Hatches, exit, seats and instrumentation are mission-specific. OCCAR has referred to a modular mounting system (MOTS products primarily COTS /) are in the elements in the categories of protection, sensors, effectors, C4I, and configuration examples of internal space and the outdoor area can be used to rapidly mission-specific modules generated.
The Boxer for UK will have a special feature. For the mission modules (excluding ambulance) will be Missionskits with which a more detailed adaptation to the task at hand is possible.
Protection and mobility of the Boxer family of armoured utility vehicles
The basic shell is made of high-hardness steel. Modular armour is sandwiched between the vehicle cell and the steel coat, with all three elements secured by fastening bolts. Currently the modular armour, which includes top attack protection, is a specialised ceramic mix.
The modular design allows future generations of armour technologies to be fitted in place of current designs by simple slab replacement. The hull is designed to beat blast mine attacks by shaping the blast away. In addition, a double-lined hull soaks up critical blast deformation.
The vehicle’s thermal acoustic and radar signature management capability is at the forefront of armoured vehicle stealth technology and provides a low signature.
The vehicle is fitted with a 530kW MTU engine, linked to an Allison automatic transmission. Permanent eight-wheeled drive, all-round independent suspension and central tyre inflation system (CTIS) gives an optimal road and cross-country mobility.
A road range of more than 1,000km, combined with a very smooth and quiet ride, provides an unaided operational deployability unmatched among in-service armoured utility vehicles.
Медицинское использование
БТР могут использоваться как бронированные машины скорой помощи, для эвакуации раненых. Эти автомобили оснащены носилками и медикаментами.
Согласно статье 19 Женевских конвенций , «мобильные медицинские подразделения Медицинской службы ни при каких обстоятельствах не могут подвергаться нападению, но всегда пользуются уважением и защитой со стороны конфликтующих сторон». Хотя статья 22 разрешает им носить оборонительное вооружение, как правило, они не вооружены. Согласно статье 39, эмблема медицинской службы «должна отображаться . на всем оборудовании, используемом в медицинской службе». Таким образом, бронированные машины скорой помощи отмечены символами, признанными Международным комитетом Красного Креста ( МККК ) .
Progress and prospects for the protected transport vehicle GTK Boxer
With the order of over 500 boxers by the British Ministry of Defense in December 2019, the Armored transport vehicle (GTK) Boxer on the way to one of the most successful cars of the last 20 years in the 8 × 8 (Boxer) class.
On the International Armored Vehicles Conference (IAV) in London representatives of the European procurement agency OCCAR EA and the manufacturer ARTEC progress and prospects have shown the project. The NSPA has explained how the Boxer User Group supports the operation of the vehicles.
The boxer was one of only three vehicles on during the IAV Conference. (Photo: Heiming)
Production
Manufacturer of the boxer is the ARTEC, a joint venture between Rheinmetall and Krauss-Maffei Wegmann, who has delivered for the previous three user Germany, the Netherlands and Lithuania recently, the 539th vehicle. Production of 91 vehicles for Lithuania is completed at the turn of the year 2020/2021. Of 2 Los Boxer (131 vehicles) for the Bundeswehr are around 60 passed to the user. The last vehicle of the second batch is expected in mid-2021st
On the production lines takes the Australia orders under the aegis of Rheinmetall always more space. After delivery of the first boxer in September 2019 a total of 25 fully manufactured in Germany and shipped as kits for final assembly to Australia. From 2021 onwards, significant portions of the boxers are produced by partner companies in Australia.
For the UK boxer is currently selected may participate industry. The first contract was recently signed with WFEL. Soon the production of the five proof vehicles to be from mid-2022 tested by future users and released for serial production begins in Germany. About 60 percent of production takes place (KMW subsidiary WFEL) at locations in Telford (Rheinmetall BAE Systems Land) and Stockport. Beginning in 2023 the first production car to be passed. The 528 ordered Boxer will run to 2031 the troops.
British soldiers test the Boxer (Photo: Rheinmetall)
Among the currently known prospects for other boxers are in addition to some Eastern European countries including Germany and the Netherlands. The Bundeswehr has yet unquantified and unspecified need for vehicles eg for infantry combat and the short-range air defense, to be potentially covered the period from 2023 to 2027. The Netherlands have indicated that the existing equipment with 200 boxers sufficient either quantitatively or qualitatively, and could take place in the foreseeable future restocking. Britain had in the original requirement demands are a range of more than 1,000 boxers. If the procurement requirements to be met roughly as shown, the production capacity could be utilized for this decade and the volume of production could total in excess of 2,000.
Boxer concept
Unique feature of the boxer is the division into driving module and interchangeable mission modules. This is a foundation of flexibility, which is manifested in the increasing number of different mission modules.
driving module
The drive modules that were part of the first boxers have been provided as part of the Afghanistan mission, among others with stronger armor and mine protection. The driving modules constitute the entire vehicle technology for the boxer ready to drive and suspension as well as mechanical and electrical interfaces for the reception and the operation of the mission module.
With the same for all boxers driving modules, it is possible to achieve a uniform utilization of the fleet, by driving modules are replaced by boxers with high mileage to drive modules with low mileage. In this way exercise could also pre-used / to ensure that no planned maintenance is payable for vehicles used in the near future. During long-term repair the operational drive modules for the currently most urgently needed skills (Mission Module) can be used.
The boxer was delivered in the original version (A0) with a gross weight of 36.5 tons and a 530 kW MTU diesel engine (MTU 8V 199 TE 20). Due to the changed threat and first findings from the operation assessment of the mine protection has been strengthened under the sink and in the wheel arches. improve a new driver’s vision system and the partial Umverstauung of equipment (eg tow rope) the working environment of the military road user. Changes in cooling air and exhaust system help to reduce the signature. With these changes, the version name evolved to A2. This configuration is standard in the armed forces today. All vehicles will be retrofitted to this state.
For Australia, the total weight was increased to 38.5 tons. This required reinforcements on the axes, and as a consequence new wheels and more sustainable tires. This version of the drive module could A2 + are called.
The UK-boxers are the first with a 600 kW diesel engine (MTU 8V 199 TE21 same as in Ajax scout) equipped and approved for a total weight of 38.5 tons. Internally out the driving module under the version A3. Appearance indicator is, inter alia, the above-mentioned new rim and tire combination. The specific power increases to 15.6 kW / tonne (A2: 14.8; A2 + 13.8).
mission modules
The mission modules are protected cabin volume of 14 m³ to 17.5 m³ for crews and systems are available which are equipped mission specific to the military requirements. Depending on the count have so far about twenty different versions in use, constructed or in production.
introduced Mission Modules (Selection)
• Transport of passengers
• command / leadership
• Wounded Transport
• infantry combat
• Driving School
The outer dimensions of the mission modules are fixed, only the canopy can vary in height (such as for transporting the wounded vehicle of the Dutch). A front opening allows the trapdoor to the driver. Hatches, exit, seats and instrumentation are mission-specific. OCCAR has referred to a modular mounting system (MOTS products primarily COTS /) are in the elements in the categories of protection, sensors, effectors, C4I, and configuration examples of internal space and the outdoor area can be used to rapidly mission-specific modules generated.
The Boxer for UK will have a special feature. For the mission modules (excluding ambulance) will be Missionskits with which a more detailed adaptation to the task at hand is possible.
Boxer MRAV prototypes and development
The UK, Germany and Netherlands were each to receive four prototypes and a first batch of 200 vehicles. The first prototype, in German APC configuration, was rolled-out to representatives of OCCAR and participating nations in December 2002 and the first Dutch prototype, a command post version, was completed in October 2003.
A contract was signed in November 2004, between OCCAR (for Germany and the Netherlands) and ARTEC, for the bilateral continuation of the development programme. A total of 12 prototype vehicles have been built and are undergoing industry trials.
ARTEC presented a bid to OCCAR for the first production batch of 400 vehicles in November 2005, which was rejected on grounds of cost.
The Dutch announced in February 2006 that it would launch a new competition for the requirement. However, in May 2006, ARTEC submitted a revised bid for the Boxer.
In July 2007, Boxer was one of three vehicles that took part in trials (the ‘Trials of Truth’) for the utility variant of the UK Army’s FRES.
The General Dynamics Piranha V was provisionally selected for the requirement in May 2008, although in December 2008 the preferred bidder status was withdrawn.
Варианты
Боевая машина пехоты
Боевая машина пехоты (БМП) является производной от БТР. Наряду с танками и БТР могут использоваться различные классы боевых машин пехоты в бронетанковых и механизированных войсках. Принципиальное различие между БТР и БМП заключается в той роли, для которой они предназначены. ДОВСЕ предусматривает пехотная боевая машина является БТРОМ с пушкой, превышающим 20 мм, и с этой дополнительной огневой мощью транспортного средства более активным участием в боевых действиях , обеспечивая огневую поддержку демонтированной пехоты.
Мобильный пехотный автомобиль
«Машина для передвижения пехоты» (IMV) — это новое название старой концепции броневика с упором на противоминную стойкость. Они в основном используются для защиты пассажиров на нетрадиционных театрах военных действий.
Южноафриканский Casspir был впервые построен в конце 1970-х годов. В 21 веке они завоевали расположение в геополитическом климате после холодной войны. Идентичный более раннему высокомуобильному многоцелевому колесному автомобилю (HMMWV) по дизайну и функциям, бронированный M1114 HMMWV является ярким примером этого. Дополнительная броня обеспечивает защиту пассажиров. M1114 были в значительной степени заменены специальными машинами с противоминной защитой от засад ( MRAP ).
IMV обычно имеют V-образное днище, предназначенное для отражения минных взрывов наружу, с дополнительными функциями защиты экипажа, такими как четырехточечные ремни безопасности и сиденья, подвешенные к крыше или по бокам автомобиля. Многие оснащены дистанционной системой вооружения . Обычно полноприводные, эти IMV отличаются от 8-, 6- и 4-колесных бронетранспортеров (таких как VAB ), будучи ближе к гражданским бронированным транспортерам денег .